Complete Guide to Fractions and Ratios in ACT Math

Complete Guide to Fractions and Ratios in ACT Math SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Parts and proportions (and by expansion sound numbers) are surrounding us and, intentionally or not, we use them consistently. On the off chance that you needed to gloat over the way that you ate a large portion of a pizza without anyone else (and why not?) or you had to realize what number of parts water to rice you need when making rice on the oven (two sections water to one section rice), at that point you have to impart this utilizing divisions and proportions. Generally, divisions and proportions speak to bits of an entire by contrasting those pieces either with one another or to the entire itself. Don’t stress if that sentence has neither rhyme nor reason at the present time. We’ll disrupt down all the guidelines and operations of these ideas all through this guideboth how these numerical ideas work when all is said in done and how they will be introduced to you on the ACT. Regardless of whether you are a predictable at managing parts, proportions, and rationals, or a beginner, this guide is for you. This guide will separate what these terms mean, how to control these sorts of issues, and how to answer the most troublesome portion, proportion, and discerning number inquiries on the ACT. What are Fractions? $${apiece}/{ hewhole}$$ Portions are bits of an entirety. They are communicated as the sum you have (the numerator) over the entire (the denominator). Amy’s feline brought forth 8 cats. 5 of the little cats had stripes and 3 had spots. What part of the litter had stripes? $5/8$ of the litter had stripes. 5 is the numerator (top number) since that was the measure of striped little cats, and 8 is the denominator (base number) in light of the fact that there are 8 cats aggregate in the litter (the entirety). Little cat math is the best sort of math. Exceptional Fractions There are a few various types of uncommon portions that you should know so as to take care of the more intricate part issues. Release us through each of these: A number over itself rises to 1 $6/6 = 1$ $47/47 = 1$ ${xy}/{xy} = 1$ An entire number can be communicated as itself more than 1 $17 = 17/1$ $108 = 108/1$ $xy = {xy}/1$ 0 isolated by any number is 0 $0/0 = 0$ $0/5 = 0$ $0/{xy} = 0$ Any number isolated by 0 is vague Zero can't go about as a denominator. For more data on this look at our manual for cutting edge numbers. Yet, until further notice, the only thing that is important is that you realize that 0 can't go about as a denominator. Presently we should discover how to control divisions until we open the appropriate responses we need. Diminishing Fractions In the event that you have a part where both the numerator and the denominator can be partitioned by a similar number (called a â€Å"common factor†), at that point the division can be diminished. More often than not, your last answer will be introduced in its most diminished structure. So as to lessen a division, you should locate the basic factor between each bit of the portion and separation both the numerator and the denominator by that equivalent sum. By partitioning both the numerator and the denominator by a similar number, you can keep up the correct connection between each bit of your portion. So on the off chance that your portion is $5/25$, at that point it tends to be composed as $1/5$. Why? Since both 5 and 25 are detachable by 5. $5/5 = 1$ Also, $25/5 = 5$. So your last portion is $1/5$. Including or Subtracting Fractions You can include or deduct parts as long as their denominators are the equivalent. To do as such, you keep the denominator steady and essentially include the numerators. $2/+ 6/= 8/$ However, you CANNOT include or take away divisions if your denominators are inconsistent. $2/+ 4/5 = ?$ So what would you be able to do when your denominators are inconsistent? You should make them equivalent by finding a typical numerous (number the two of them can duplicate uniformly into) of their denominators. $2/+ 4/5$ Here, a typical various (a number the two of them can be duplicated uniformly into) of the two denominators 5 is 55. To change over the portion, you should duplicate both the numerator and the denominator by the sum the denominator took to accomplish the new denominator (the regular various). Why duplicate both? Much the same as when we diminished parts and needed to isolate the numerator and denominator by a similar sum, presently we should duplicate the numerator and denominator by a similar sum. This procedure keeps the part (the connection among numerator and denominator) steady. To get to the shared factor of 55, $2/$ must be duplicated by $5/5$. Why? Since $ * 5 = 55$. $(2/)(5/5) = 10/55$. To get to the shared factor of 55, $4/5$ must be increased by $/$. Why? Since $5 * = 55$. $(4/5)(/) = 44/55$. Presently we can include them, as they have a similar denominator. $10/55 + 44/55 = 54/55$ We can't lessen $54/55$ any further as the two numbers don't share a typical factor. So our last answer is $54/55$. Here, we are not being asked to really include the parts, just to locate the lowest shared factor so we could include the portions. Since we are being solicited to locate minimal sum from something, we should begin at the most modest number and work our way down (for additional on utilizing answer decisions to help take care of your concern in the fastest and least demanding manner, look at our article on connecting answers). Answer decision An is wiped out, as 40 isn't equally separable by 12. 120 is equally separable by 8, 12, and 15, so it is our lowest shared factor. So our last answer is B, 120. Increasing Fractions Fortunately it is a lot more straightforward to increase portions than it is to include or partition them. There is no compelling reason to locate a shared factor when multiplyingyou can simply increase the parts straight over. To increase a portion, first duplicate the numerators. This item turns into your new numerator. Next, increase your two denominators. This item turns into your new denominator. $2/3 * 3/4 = (2 * 3)/(3 * 4) = 6/12$ What's more, once more, we decrease our division. Both the numerator and the denominator are separable by 6, so our last answer becomes: $1/2$ Exceptional note: you can accelerate the duplication and decrease process by finding a typical factor of your cross products before you increase. $2/3 * 3/4$ = $1/1 * 1/2$ = $1/2$. Both 3’s are products of 3, so we can supplant them with 1 ($3/3 = 1$). Our different cross products are 2 and 4, which are the two products of 2, so we had the option to supplant them with 1 and 2, separately ($2/2 = 1$ and $4/2 = 2$). Since our cross products shared elements for all intents and purpose, we had the option to diminish the cross products before we even started. This spared us time in diminishing the last portion toward the end. Observe that we can possibly decrease cross products when increasing divisions, never while including or taking away them! It is likewise a totally discretionary advance, so don't feel committed to decrease your cross multiplesyou can generally basically diminish your portion toward the end. Isolating Fractions So as to isolate parts, we should initially take the equal (the inversion) of one of the portions. A short time later, we essentially increase the two divisions together as would be expected. For what reason do we do this? Since division is something contrary to augmentation, so we should invert one of the parts to transform it once again into a duplication question. ${1/3} à · {3/8} = {1/3} * {8/3}$ (we took the equal of $3/8$, which implies we turned the part over to become $8/3$) ${1/3} * {8/3} = 8/9$ Since we've perceived how to tackle a part issue the long way, we should talk easy routes. Decimal Points Since divisions are bits of an entire, you can likewise communicate portions as either a decimal point or a rate. To change over a division into a decimal, just partition the numerator by the denominator. (The $/$ image likewise goes about as a division sign) $3/10 = 3 + 10 = 0.3$ Here and there it is simpler to change over a division to a decimal so as to work through an issue. This can spare you time and exertion attempting to make sense of how to isolate or duplicate parts. This is an ideal case of when it may be simpler to work with decimals than with parts. We’ll experience this issue the two different ways. Quickest waywith decimals: Essentially locate the decimal structure for each part and afterward look at their sizes. To discover the decimals, isolate the numerator by the denominator. $5/3 = 1.667$ $7/4 = 1.75$ $6/5 = 1.2$ $9/8 = 1.125$ We can plainly observe which parts are littler and bigger since they are in decimal structure. In climbing request, they would be: $1.125, 1.2, 1.667, 1.75$ Which, when changed over back to their division structure, is: $9/8, 6/5, 5/3, 7/4$ So our last answer is A. More slow waywith divisions: On the other hand, we could analyze the divisions by finding a shared factor of each part and afterward looking at the extents of their numerators. Our denominators are: 3, 4, 5, 8. We realize that there are no products of 4 or 8 that end in an odd number (on the grounds that a much number * a considerably number = a significantly number), so a shared factor for all must end in 0. (Why? Since all products of 5 end in 0 or 5.) Products of 8 that end in 0 are additionally products of 40 (on the grounds that $8 * 5 = 40$). 40 isn't distinct by 3 nor is 80, however 120 is. 120 is distinct by every one of the four digits, so it is a shared factor. Presently we should discover how frequently every denominator must be duplicated to approach 120. That number will at that point be the sum to which we increase the numerator so as to keep the portion reliable. $120/3 = 40$ $5/3$ = ${5(40)}/{3(40)}$ = $200/120$ $120/4 = 30$ $7/4$ = ${7(30)}/{4(30)}$= $210/120$ $120/5 = 24$ $6/5$ = ${6(24)}/{5(24)}$= $144/120$ $120/8 = 15$ $9/8$ = ${9(15)}/{8(15)}$= $135/120$ Presently that they all offer a shared factor, we can just look to the size of their numerators and think about the littlest and the biggest. So the request for the divisions from least to most noteworthy would be: $135/120, 144/120, 200/120, 210/120$ Which, when changed over go into their unique divisions, is: $9/8, 6/5, 5/3, 7/4$ So by and by, our last answer is A. As should be obvious, we had the option to

Insecurity in Nigeria Free Essays

Instability IN NIGERIA Underlying the journey for national security in Nigeria is the issue of political profound quality, which centers around the subject of characterizing the connection between the state and the different gatherings in the general public. Political profound quality appropriately interpreted tries to set up and support the basic conditions for the smooth working of the state and society. It is in this light we distinguish the issue of the ethical premise of Nigeria’s security to be a crucial basic of national compromise, national endurance and national improvement in the new thousand years. We will compose a custom paper test on Instability in Nigeria or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now Our assessment of the ethical establishments of national security is even more huge when we inspect the pattern of occasions throughout the entire existence of military and financial development in Nigeria, particularly under the recent military systems of Abacha and Babangida. This exposition is especially worried about indicating the example of moral degeneration that prompted the methodical and organized disintegration of individual and aggregate harmony, security, steadiness and concordance inside the Nigerian culture. Likewise, the requirement for an assessment of the moral premise of human social presence in Nigeria is additionally featured by president Obasanjo (1999: 8) who 245National Security, Social Order†¦ in the October 1999 national day discourse underlined that there is a need to look at the ethical establishments of every one of our activities and to keep on scanning for the conditions that will make Nigeria a simply, free and well off society. Obasanjo’sstatement plainly suggests that the nation is yet to accomplish the much wanted degree of moral lead and regard for human poise that can guarantee the upkeep of security, harmony and request in the general public. Without a doubt, the historical backdrop of Nigeria shows that the act of certifiable good lead and the assurance of sufficient individual and national security for all sections of the general public has been an illusive and purposeless undertaking. An assessment of the range of national life uncovers the occurrence of debasement in high and low places, clashes and disarray in different networks and locales, avarice and self-centeredness as the core values of human social communication, just as a circumstance of inescapable rebellion in the direct of day by day life . As aconfirmation of the issue of national security in Nigeria the Nigerian Bar Association [NBA] has expressed that there is expanding national rot and instability, which is found in the relapsing economy, unviable emergency clinic offices and wellbeing administrations, absence of good funnel borne water, transportation and fuel issues that have overpowered the general public (Nwankpa 2000: 8). We may likewise include that the issue of national security is found in the expanding circumstance of disorder, brutality and culpability that have gotten endemic in the country. The proof of the inauspicious state national security is found in what Onyegbula (2000: 24) portrays as the reducing way of life and the disintegrating social frameworks and instructive framework. For example, the streets, refineries,hospitals and schools have not been working at their ideal levels. All the more in this way, the presence of an ineffectively prepared police power, has constrained the resignation of the security of lives and property of Nigerians to the ethnic state army gatherings and different questionable common guard and vigilante affiliations. Together, these common and institutional security offices and gatherings take an interest in the organized brutalization, coercion and constraint of the individuals. In this way, our contention is that the disintegration of both the nobility of the human individual and the sacredness of the social request, has guaranteed that the foundation of authentic national security in the country has not been satisfactorily ensured. All the more critically, the previous methodologies, which have been embraced in the endeavor to give national security in Nigeria, have not been effective. Henceforth, there is a need to look for another way to deal with the goals of the issue of national security in Nigeria and a valid statement to begin the conversation is to endeavor a calculated investigation of social request as an introduction to the assessment of national security. Oham Ugochukwu This day Journalist OHAM UGOCHUKWU YEAR 10 ENGLISH LANGUAGE Step by step instructions to refer to Insecurity in Nigeria, Papers

Etiquette Workshop The Keys to Painless Networking

Etiquette Workshop The Keys to Painless Networking As part of the Undergraduate Practice Opportunities Program (UPOP), a program which teaches sophomores about leadership and work-place dynamics, I attended an etiquette seminar taught by Jodi Smith last week. For an hour and half, Ms. Smith taught us the Top Ten Tips for Painless Networking, which I thought I would share: 1. At a networking event, always wear a nametag and wear it on your right side. When you shake someones hand, you extend your right arm, so their eyes will naturally follow your arm and see your nametag. 2. Have a good handshake. It shouldnt be weak and you shouldnt break their bones. Hold it for a few seconds while making eye contact and then let go! 3. When introducing yourself, say your name slowly and clearly. If you have a difficult name, maybe give a mnemonic. 4. Also during your introduction, give a little snippet of information about yourself that might help jumpstart the conversation. Make sure the tagline is appropriate for the situation, like you wouldnt walk up to the CEO of GE and say My name is Joe, and I have three dogs, while that line might be appropriate if youre introducing yourself to a veterinarian or fellow dog lover. 5. Do your homework! If youre going to an event sponsored by a specific organization, know what the organization does and who might possibly be there. 6. Have good body language: dont cross your arms or slouch. 7. Make eye contact! 8. Before starting a conversation, know whether you are going to be the driver or the passenger. 9. Make a graceful exit, even if your conversation was less than pleasant. 10. Get business cards and follow up. After the seminar, we went to a Mocktail Party held in a reception area. We had the opportunity to put our new knowledge to the test while conversing with alumni and employers. It was a great learning experience and I particularly appreciate that the UPOP program tries to emphasize that even summer interns can become leaders when equipped with the necessary confidence and drive. If youre interested in general etiquette, MIT holds a Charm School for one full day during IAP. Its supposed to be quite the learning experience!

My Childhood Memories Without Gary - 1142 Words

Little girls usually request princess gowns and Barbie dolls for their birthday each year. Growing up, for my birthday, I asked my parents for a little sister. A bit of an unconventional gift. I wanted nothing more than someone to share closets with, to help me get ready for dates, and to gossip endlessly with. My wish was never granted. Instead, I got something I did not realize I needed. Something I would not immediately realize how life changing it would be. God graced me with two older brothers, Alex and Gary. The twist in this story is, I am now older than one of them. Confusing, I know. What is even more confusing, they are the same age yet their birthdays are 11 days apart. There are few scenarios that make this possible. Alex is my†¦show more content†¦That woman was not my mother. I immediately asked her, â€Å"Mom what’s wrong?† The conversation that followed I imagine is one my mother wished never would have occurred in her lifetime. Her words foreve r imprinted in my mind, â€Å"Gary passed away.† â€Å"No he didn’t mom.† I could not fathom that being true. To make something like that up would be cruel. My mom was not lying. Life from that moment on has never been the same. The loss of a family member creates a void that will never be filled. Never had I imagined that at the age of 18 with the world at my heels, I would be leaving my freshman college dorm to travel home to bury my 20 year old brother. Nearly six years later, at the age of 24 I am now older than my older brother. I have surpassed many milestones he will never have the pleasure of experiencing. Gary will eternally remain the young age of 20. However, my life continues, on April 24th every year I add 365 days to my roster. I am the type of person that searches for a silver lining in almost every situation possible. How does one find a silver lining in death? You don’t. The only way I can fathom dealing with it is knowing I have a guardian angel safeguarding all those in my life as well as me. That is not to say I have not gained anything from this tragedy. First and foremost my last words to Gary were â€Å"I love you.† Those are also the last words in any conversation I have with my friends and family. Second, this lifeShow MoreRelatedThe Green River Killer Essay959 Words   |  4 Pagesto justice. The green river killer is one case that really got me intrigued into forensics and I got mesmerized by the techniques that are being used to catch murderers and other crimes being committed. The green river killer had an interesting childhood that led him to be a serial killer. He committed multiple murders on prostitutes and left there families with agony and pain. But advances in DNA ultimately led to his demise, police officers were able to capture and arrest him and bring justiceRead MoreMy Familys Health History1593 Words   |  7 Pagesfamily is perfect and healthy but in actuality that’s not always the case. Searching through my family health history I found a lot of people were ill with something I did not know they were suffering with. While doing my family history report I found a lot of depression in my family on my mom’s side. This really made me realize I need to look out for her. A family friend and I are very worried about my mother ever since she was crushed between two cars a few years back and is now forever handicappedRead MoreCommunity Center : A Family Resource Center1470 Words   |  6 PagesAnother one of my internships was at a family resource center. There services ranged from counseling, community classes, food pantry services, medical and dental services, and insurance assistance. Vista Community Clinic: The Gary Center helped different population of clients of all ages, ethnicities, and economic backgrounds. One of my main tasks to do was help people fill out their Medi-Cal, Cal Fresh, and Cash aid applications. This task helped me learn more about the insurance system and howRead MoreAnalysis of Six Poems1130 Words   |  4 Pages† â€Å"How I Discovered Poe try,† â€Å"Poetry Should Ride the Bus,† â€Å"How Poetry comes to me,† â€Å"Making It in Poetry† and â€Å"Poem.† I for one will be explicating each poem and discussing how they are similar and different in their own ways. As well as explaining my own thoughts on the poems themselves and summarizing what I believe them to be. In the first poem, â€Å"Introduction to Poetry† the speaker is obviously a teacher. He is trying to get his students to appreciate poetry. 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The sun was veiled by the perilous clouds looming over us, setting a somber look to the horizon. The icy air funneled through my throat and surged through my veins. A small group composed of my Mother, Father, Aunt, Grandma, Grandpa, and Sister trudged through the damp pastureRead More Relationships Between Mothers and Daughters in Tans The Joy Luck Club1457 Words   |  6 Pagesup speaking only English and swallowing more Coca-Cola than sorrow.   For a long time now the woman had wanted to give her daughter the single swan feather and tell her, â€Å"This feather may look worthless, but it comes from afar and carries with it all my good intentions.†Ã‚   And she waited, year after year, for the day she could tell her daughter this in perfect American English (Tan 3).† The American culture focuses more on the individual.   Typical Americans always want to be independent.   Traditionally

How Marriage Is Presented in Desirees Baby The Story...

State how marriage is presented in the stories, â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† and â€Å"The Story of an Hour.† In â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† and â€Å"The Story of an Hour† there are two distinguishable women who are dependent on and controlled by their husbands both physically and emotionally. In â€Å"The Story of an Hour† Mrs. Mallard is restricted by the institution of marriage while, in â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† Desiree is confined to her husband because of her dependency on him. In the story â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† it shows how Armand is impulsive when he fell in love with Desiree instantaneously. It was at the same pillar where Monsieur Valmonde, her adopted father, found her and her new life begun and ironically it is the same place Armand fell in love with her, signifying another†¦show more content†¦Mallard is unsatisfied with the limitations of her marriage, however, like Desiree, she is submissive and believes that the end of her duties as a wife will come at the death of her husband and her freedom will be given to her. Also, she experiences little or no feelings because of her marriage. This is shown when Mrs. Mallard, after hearing of her husband’s death, cries, but ironically she senses a moment of euphoric pleasure at the awaiting freedom in her remaining life. â€Å"She saw beyond that bitter moment a long procession of years to come that would belong to her absolutely.† Mrs. Millard is now aware of things that were not noticeable before such as: the beginning of spring, patches of blue sky through clouds, the twittering of sparrows and the smelling of the pending rain, which may signify the nature of her freedom. Mrs. Mallard would now be able to live her life outside the home and find her identity. In both stories it show how each protagonist is psychologically governed by men. While Desiree seems to experience the importance of existence because of the actions taken by her spouse, it is not until Mrs. Mallard’s husband is confirmed deceased that she comprehends a change of feelings that were suppressed. This is accomplished by the newly gained insight experienced by Mrs Mallard which shows the kind of relationship she had with her husband. This is also evident in the line, â€Å"There would be no powerful will bending hers in that blind persistence with which menShow MoreRelatedAn Examination Of How Kate Chopin s Work1298 Words   |  6 PagesENGL 1102 – Comp/Lit Essay 2 (Mulry) Sellers, James R – 920022413 Due Date: April 20, 2015 An Examination of How Kate Chopin’s Works Taken Together Contribute to our Understanding of Her Time and the Place of Women in Society Looking at themes present in his short stories and novels, Kate Chopin presents examples of female strength and an assertive rebellion to the social norms during the late 1800s. By seeking to transparently and boldly portray the risquà © behavior of her lead characters, whichRead MoreAn Analysis Of Kate Chopin s Chopin 1690 Words   |  7 PagesKate Chopin was a famous American author of many short stories and novels. Chopin is now considered to have been a predecessor of the feminist movement and a leader of the feminist authors of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Kate Chopin lived a rather traditional life as a housewife until her husband’s untimely death, which significantly changed the course of her life. Chopin s career as a writer actually began when she started facing financial struggles due to the death of her husband. Chopin’sRead MoreWomen s Search For Selfhood2169 Words   |  9 Pageswith men and have the same opportunities they had. Chopin s stor ies contain much mental understanding of deep things that draws attention to her characters and plots. Important themes in her writing were female sexuality, inequality of men and women, male dominance. Chopin can use the physical setting in her stories to bring attention to important themes, affect the way of thinking of the characters, and add to the mood of her stories. Kate Chopin’s work displayed the difficulty of women livingRead MoreResearch Paper on Kate Chopin and the Feminism in Her Works2066 Words   |  9 PagesLicano 1 Maria Licano Mrs. Hummel Ap English 08 27 April 2012 Kate Chopin: Feminism in Her Works â€Å"Love and passion, marriage and independence, freedom and restraint.† These are the themes that are represented and worked with throughout Kate Chopin’s works. Kate Chopin, who was born on February 8, 1851, in St. Louis, was an American acclaimed writer of short stories and novels. She was also a poet, essayist, and a memoirist. Chopin grew up around many women; intellectual women that is. Chopin

Supply and Demand and Cell Phones Free Essays

Damita Nix 1/15/2012 CTU Online ECON202-1201B Phase 1 Individual Project1 Instructor Olanrewaju Abstract This paper will explore the world of two particular types of cell phones that are identical with minor features. I will be demonstrating skills in using the tools of economics for decision making for the firm operating in the market economy to include supply and demand, elasticity of demand, consumer behavior and utility maximization, and the costs of production both short-run and long-run. I will also be demonstrating the ability to clearly present views in written and/or oral expression. We will write a custom essay sample on Supply and Demand and Cell Phones or any similar topic only for you Order Now On the web, I will research additional information about the A-Phone and the Pomegranate. The task below also requires me to draw graphs of supply and demands increases and decreases. When the task is complete you will have learned about the demand curve of an A phone, a clear understanding on what happens to the price and quantity supplied, equilibrium, and effects on government interventions with cell phones. Title: Cell Phones Part I Draw the demand curve for the A-Phone. Explain how the graph, price, and quantity demanded  will change if the following occurs: * There is an overall increase in income. There is an overall increase in income and people believe that the Pomegranate is now better than the A-Phone. * The price of the A-Phone goes up  when a flaw is found in the Pomegranate. * A new type of walkie-talkie has an unlimited range and is basically free. * It is discovered that there are health concerns when using cell phones. * There is a baby boom. * The price of the A -Phone and the Pomegranate both go up. Price P1 P2 P3 Demand Q1 Q2 Q3 Quantity What happens to the supply of cell phones if the market price goes up? Part II Explain what happens to the price and quantity supplied and how it reflects on a graph if the following occurs: * It becomes more expensive to produce cell phones. * More cell phones are being produced with the same amount of inputs. * Walkie talkies are popular because of the new technological change mentioned above. * Another company starts producing cell phones, and now there are  3 producers in the market. * People think the price of cell phones will go up in the future. PriceSupply P1 Q1 Quantity Part III Draw a graph which shows the equilibrium price of cell phones. Explain what the graph is showing. When the new manufacturer introduces the Robo cell phone to the market, how does that effect the equilibrium price if the Robo is basically the same as the other cell phones? ————- Part IV As the public’s dependence on cell phones continues to grow, the cost of the phones may be decreasing, but the stronghold that  telecommunication companies have on the public in regards to contracts and climbing fees is alarming. Additionally, all cell phone companies charge about the same prices, and the consumers do not have much choice in substituting providers. Consumers appear to need some controls in this regard, and the government decides to step in. * What is the effect of government intervention in the cell phone market? Make sure that you use graphs to illustrate your point. * Is this a good thing for consumers? On the other hand, the government sees the increase in cell phone use as an opportunity to make some additional revenue, and it decides to tax  service  providers. * Who is really paying the tax? * Illustrate your conclusion on a graph. * Do you think that there is a free market for cell phone users? Why or why not? References How to cite Supply and Demand and Cell Phones, Papers

Scarlet Letter Reflection Essays - English-language Films

Scarlet Letter Reflection Nathaniel Hawthorne has a sufficient reason for repeatedly making reference to mirrors throughout his refined novel, The Scarlet Letter. The use of mirrors in the story serve a beneficial purpose of giving the reader a window to the character's soul. The truth is always portrayed in the author's mirrors; thus, his introspective devices will continuously point out the flaws to whom gazes in it. Hester's "A" has now become the most noticeable part of not only her physical features, but her spiritual being. The reflection of Pearl Prynne uncovers her hard shell and brings out the loneliness, the innocent recklessness, and the wild beauty within her. Reverend Dimesdale's image only radiates the dark, gloomy truth of his impurities. The looking glass Nathaniel Hawthorne places in front of his characters, therefore, focuses on the realms that each beholder attempts to hide from the world around them. In chapter two while Hester is standing on the scaffold, she tries to run from reality by reminiscing of her youth. At that moment, "she saw her own face, glowing with girlish beauty, and illuminating all the interior of the dusky mirror in which she had been wont to gaze at it." Sadly, the mirror will never again give Hester that immaculate reflection. Instead, the image will always resemble that of the breastplate at the governor's mansion in chapter seven, "owing to the peculiar effect of this convex mirror, the scarlet letter was represented in exaggerated and gigantic proportions, so as to be greatly the most prominent feature to her appearance." Ironically, the two symbols of her sin and suffering, the scarlet letter and Pearl, are now the most significant elements of her life. Hester is no longer looked at as a woman in society, and in the mirror, "she seemed absolutely hidden behind it (the scarlet letter)." As for her child, "that look of naughty merriment was likewise reflected in the mirror, with so much breadth and intensity of effect, that it made Hester Prynne feel as if it could not be the image of her own child, but of an imp who was seeking to mold itself into Pearl's shape." Pearl's mischievous looks are magnified in the mirroring surface to remind Hester that her child is in fact a part of the punishment of her sin. "Once this freakish, elvish cast came into the child's eyes while Hester was looking at her own image in them. . . . she fancied that she beheld, not her own miniature portrait, but another face, in the small black mirror of Pearl's eye. It was a face, fiendlike, full of smiling malice, yet bearing the resemblance of features that she had known full well, through seldom with a smile, and never with malice in them." This is another indicator in chapter six that Pearl's presence does in fact haunt Hester. It also speaks the truth that Roger Chillingworth is not the same man he once was, and Hester will continue to be haunted by him also. Nathaniel Hawthorne's use of mirrors plays a crucial part in portraying the hidden side of Pearl Prynne. Though Pearl has a reputation to be "of witchcraft" and gives the reader an impression of being a "brat", the child has a very fragile and endearing soul that wanders on the other side of the mirroring surface. In chapter fourteen by the ocean, Pearl "came to a full stop, and peeped curiously into a pool, left by the retiring tide as a mirror for Pearl to see her face in. Forth peeped at her, out of the pool, with dark glistening curls around her head and an elf-smile in her eyes, the image of a little maid, whom Pearl, having no other playmate, invited to take her hand and run a race with her." The reflecting pool portrays Pearl as an innocent and beautiful child who is very lonely. That is very understandable, for Pearl is not like the other children; her only two friends are nature and her mother, Hester. In chapter fifteen, Pearl "flirted fancifully with her own image in a pool of water, beckoning the phantom forth, and--as it declined venture--seeking a passage for herself into its sphere of impalpable earth and unattainable sky. Soon finding however, that either she or the image was unreal, she turned elsewhere for better pastime." Pearl's reflection is very real, and chapter sixteen smoothly continues this concept through another body of water--the brook in the forest. "Pearl resembled the brook, inasmuch as the current of her life gushed from.

How to Create Amazing Video Content With Meryl Ayres From Wistia

How to Create Amazing Video Content With Meryl Ayres From Wistia Are you using video content in your marketing strategy? With about 87 percent of marketers using video, you wouldn’t be alone. If you haven’t made the leap yet, you might be looking for tips on how to get started. Today we’re going to be talking to Meryl Ayres. She is the associate creative director at Wistia, a software company that helps businesses and marketers get results from their videos. She is going to share her best tips on how to leverage the power of video content to improve your marketing strategy. Some of the highlights of the show include: A bit about Wistia and what Meryl does there. The types of stories and situations that lend themselves well to video content. How Wistia plans and executes their videos, including how they handle off-the-cuff material. Why it’s so important to have a sense of humor, as well as why sometimes humor isn’t the right approach. Meryl’s best tips on creating video content that will resonate with its intended viewers. Which comes first, the video or the post, depending on the circumstances. Why you might not like the sound of your own voice in a video. Hints and tips for someone who is just dipping their toes in the world of video marketing. Powered by PodcastMotor Actionable Content Marketing powered by By AMP052: How To Create Amazing Video Content With Meryl Ayres From Wistia 00:00/00:00 1x 100 > Download file Subscribe on iTunes Leave Review Share Links: Wistia Using Humor in Branded Content Say What? Why Your Voice Sounds So Weird in VideosIf you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud,  Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes By Meryl: â€Å"Video is an amazing way to teach someone about a concept with a medium that’s dynamic and engaging.† â€Å"Look at what you’re trying to accomplish: Whatever your goals are in social media, can you use video to promote those goals?† â€Å"Consider the holistic content perspective rather than just looking at video in isolation.†

How to Use the Complement Rule in Statistics

How to Use the Complement Rule in Statistics In statistics, the complement rule is a theorem that provides a connection between the probability of an event and the probability of the complement of the event in such a way that if we know one of these probabilities, then we automatically know the other one. The complement rule comes in handy when we calculate certain probabilities. Many times the probability of an event is messy or complicated to compute, whereas the probability of its complement is much simpler. Before we see how the complement rule is used, we will define specifically what this rule is. We begin with a bit of notation.  The complement of the event  A, consisting of all elements in the  sample space  S  that are not elements of the set  A, is denoted by  AC. Statement of the Complement Rule The complement rule is stated as the sum of the probability of an event and the probability of its complement is equal to 1, as expressed by the following equation: P(AC) 1 – P(A) The following example will show how to use the complement rule. It will become evident that this theorem will both speed up and simplify probability calculations. Probability Without the Complement Rule Suppose that we flip eight fair coins - what is the probability that we have at least one head showing? One way to figure this out is to calculate the following probabilities. The denominator of each is explained by the fact that there are 28 256 outcomes, each of them equally likely. All of the following us a formula for combinations: The probability of flipping exactly one head is C(8,1)/256 8/256.The probability of flipping exactly two heads is C(8,2)/256 28/256.The probability of flipping exactly three heads is C(8,3)/256 56/256.The probability of flipping exactly four heads is C(8,4)/256 70/256.The probability of flipping exactly five heads is C(8,5)/256 56/256.The probability of flipping exactly six heads is C(8,6)/256 28/256.The probability of flipping exactly seven heads is C(8,7)/256 8/256.The probability of flipping exactly eight heads is C(8,8)/256 1/256. These are mutually exclusive events, so we sum the probabilities together using one the appropriate addition rule. This means that the probability that we have at least one head is 255 out of 256. Using the Complement Rule to Simplify Probability Problems We now calculate the same probability by using the complement rule. The complement of the event â€Å"We flip at least one head† is the event â€Å"There are no heads.† There is one way for this to occur, giving us the probability of 1/256. We use the complement rule and find that our desired probability is one minus one out of 256, which is equal to 255 out of 256. This example demonstrates not only the usefulness but also the power of the complement rule. Although there is nothing wrong with our original calculation, it was quite involved and required multiple steps. In contrast, when we used the complement rule for this problem there were not as many steps where calculations could go awry.​

Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 6

Philosophy - Essay Example e worry that this world might too be a dream was famously expressed by the French philosopher Rene Descartes in the seventeenth century in his Meditations. In fact, he specifically sought to doubt whatever could be doubted in order to lay the foundations for true knowledge through reasoning. After pointing out what happens during sleep, he makes his ‘dreaming argument’ when he writes, â€Å"In dwelling carefully on this reflection, I see so manifestly that there are no certain indications by which we may clearly distinguish wakefulness from sleep that I am lost in astonishment. And my astonishment is such that it is almost capable of persuading me that I now dream† (Descartes, 2009: 12). Put simply, the reasoning of his argument is that perceptions during both states are similar, and given that there are no ways to distinguish between them, therefore this raises the possibility that even during ‘waking’ one may be dreaming such that the perceptions du ring ‘waking’ may turn out to be ‘false’ as in dreams. An outline of this argument is presented below. Thus, Descartes doubts both; being presently awake and being ever awake. He refers to the particulars (i.e. what we do) during sleep as false delusions, and the things represented to us in dreams, as â€Å"painted representations which can only have been formed as the counterparts of something real and true †¦Ã¢â‚¬  (ibid). Incidentally, this shows that the non-dream world does have a greater originality than the dream world because what is painted in dreams is not created ex nihilo, but he continues to suggest that all the thoughts he has â€Å"are no more true than the phantasies† of his dreams (ibid: 49). Furthermore, Descartes’ obsessively skeptical approach is rather dubious because in places, it does not make sense, and some of his ideas like the demon are hypothetical. Moreover, it is ironic that after much doubting and casting aside the trustworthiness of the senses, he never once doubts his own

Resume Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Resume - Assignment Example My previous work experiences entail dealing directly with people through administering functions and through managing organizational campaigns. I am highly skilled in undertaking effective communication, in various medium. I am an exemplary team player and could work in diverse environments; even in demanding or highly challenging situations. My ability to discern appropriate conflict negotiating techniques, as well as apply problem-solving strategies, make me highly competent for the position. Likewise, my aviation knowledge and skills would be a potential advantage for an Air and Marine Interdiction Agent, in the near future. I am hereby attaching my resume for your perusal. I would be available for interview at your most convenient time. I could be reached in any of the stipulated contact details. I am confident that when considered for the position, we would be establishing a mutually beneficial business relationship. I would be looking forward to hearing from you

AVON Case Analysis Essay -- Business Management Studies Essays

AVON Case Analysis Organizational Mission Avon wants to provide everyone with high quality and innovative health and beauty products as well as financial opportunities through sales representatives that are easily obtainable, in many ways, in every part of the world. Avon hopes by bringing these products to everyone everywhere through global markets the company can improve the quality of life for anyone around the world. Corporate Objectives Corporate objectives bring structure to a company’s operations so it will sustain growth, achieve its mission/vision and set the outcome and target for the company to achieve. Corporate objectives include financial and strategic objectives. Financial Objectives: Growth in Sales: In 2001 the success of the Goodbye to Breast Cancer lipstick campaign, inventory clearance programs, and the increase of active representatives acquired through the successful implementation of the Sales Leadership program resulted in revenues growing 5% from $5,682 million in 2000 to $5,958 million in 2001. The growth in sales was due to the 9% increase in units because of the success of the programs implemented that are mentioned above. Avon plans to increase sales annually by continuing to recruit Leadership Representatives around the world, utilizing the Internet to help these Representatives sell Avon products more efficiently, and extending the Avon brand to new products and possibly new channels. (3) Bigger profit margins: Lower sales in Latin America than expected and additional strategic spending on consumer marketing initiatives caused the slight decrease in profits for the 2001 year. The drop may have been a lot worse if it was not offset by considerable margin improve... ... 3/20/02 Vol 239 P. B12A 12. Direct Marketing, Garden City â€Å"Avon to Target Teens† November 2001Anonymous, Volume 64 Issue 7 p. 22 13. Investor Relation Business â€Å"Avon Ups Johansen† Editorial Staff, January 28, 2002, p.1 14. Brandweek, â€Å"Avon Calls on Upscale Women for Becoming† by Christine Bittar, August 13 2001, p.6 15. Quarterly Report (SEC for 10Q) 16. â€Å"Unbecoming† by Moreno, Katarzyna, Forbes, June 10, 2002 Vol. 169 Issue 13 17. Business and Company Resource Center â€Å"Cosmetics, Household, and Personal Care Products US outlook† Lewis May 2, 2002 18. â€Å"Alliance Formation with Direct Selling Companies: Avon and Mattel†, Lawrence B. Chonko, Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, Winter 99’ Vol.19 Issue 1 pg 51. 19. â€Å"Most admired Soap and Cosmetic Companies, 2002†. Fortuen, March 4, 2002. pg. 77

Police and Law Enforcement Response

Checkpoint: Police and Law Enforcement Response A police officers role in society is to effectively enforce laws, arrest offenders when a crime has been committed, prevent crime to their best ability, preserve the peace whenever possible, and provide services to community citizens in their time of need. Over the past 25-30 years, police departments have proactively been enforcing the Community Policing Theory, developed by Professor Herman Goldstein, on their staff and officers. Community policing promotes relationships between officers and society. In order to prevent crime, officers and communities need to work together to address the problems that encourage or cause criminal activity. In order for this theory to work properly, police officers and the community must understand and respect each other as well as the principles of community policing. The basic principles are: colleagues, partnerships, implementation, and long term. Colleagues refer to effective communication between the community and police; therefore making relationships stronger between them both. Partnerships consist of relationships between the police and different organizations such as: schools, neighborhood groups, families, merchants, etc†¦ Implement is a primary principle that relates to the specific needs of a community and examining different programs that might be effective. The Long term principle refers to police and members of community taking a long-term perspective and approach to improve. Accepting the realization that trust and effective relationships take time and resources to develop and maintain. The community policing theory has become an efficient and helpful tool to police and their communities everywhere. It would be easy to conclude that if we hypothetically lessened police involvement in the community policing theory, the results would be devastating. The members of the community would still be reporting crime; however, there would be less police officer’s to respond and handle it. The crime rates would escalate quickly and chaos would occur in certain parts where police involvement was declined. The system would basically fail, due to taking away a key piece to its foundation. Overall, it takes community members and police together to make the theory work effectively and maintain its balance. Not only is balance crucial between officers and its community; it is crucial for an officer to have balance internally too. There is many restrictions and guidelines placed on an officer when on or off duty. They don’t have the equal amount of freedom a regular citizen is entitled too. These restrictions come from their department, Bill of Rights, and Constitution. It is imperative that the officers follow a strict rule of ethics, while on or off duty to set an example for the rest of community. A tricky restriction is a term called Probable Cause. Probable Cause is defined as the logic, experiences, and circumstances that lead ‘a prudent man' to believe a crime has been committed, or an individual may have been involved in a crime. This term, also known as a citizens fourth amendment, has quite a bit of power behind it. It truly does impact a police officer on a daily basis, by the amount of power to either make or break a case. It directly is linked to how evidence is searched and seized, or how a citizen is searched. Probable cause has the ability for a Judge to find evidence crucial for a conviction, either admissible or inadmissible in a court of law. If a police officer violates the rights or privacy of a citizen, it can have some grave consequences such as: loosing a case, fined, sued, setting a criminal free or legal action brought towards his/her self. So in order to prevent these consequences from occurring, officers should take the proper precautions and remember the guideline; that there must be sufficient or sensible reason to justify the intrusion of a search or seizure. The best way to ensure safety is to not conduct any searches without a warrant, signed by a neutral judge. Even though this is not very realistic or practical; however, the purpose of a warrant is to provide that protective layer between the exuberance of the officers and the privacy of the public. At the end of the day, the court is responsible for reviewing the actions of the police in their everyday life; this is when they balance the interest of law enforcement against the interest of personal liberty. Then they determine whether or not probable cause existed for the search or arrest. In conclusion officer’s can avoid these issues by not falling into corrupted ways. Officers should respect their position and not violate their power; this will build a trusting relationship between the community and them. Another solution to prevent issues from occurring would be for officers to get involved more with their communities. Going to games, meeting people, setting up time for the youth, establishing friendships; would not only build the strength of the officer to the community but prevent crime before it starts. Exploring being a proactive officer, instead of a non-proactive officer is the best way to aid police and their organizations in combating crime.

7 Fun Ideas for Morning Meeting Greetings

The Effects Of Psychology On The Health And Nutrition...

Brandy Wright FSHN 203 Associations between Perceived Stress, Weight-Related Behaviors, and Body Weight Psychology is â€Å"the mental or behavioral characteristics of an individual or group or the study of mind and behavior in relation to a particular field of knowledge or activity† (Merriam-Webster 2016). Psychology provides a pathway into the understanding of an individual’s or population’s thinking and behavior. It can be used to determine reasoning for certain actions or habits. As a Pre-Dietetics major with a possible minor in Psychology, I am interested in how psychology plays a role in the health and nutrition world. A concerning problem in health and nutrition is obesity. Obesity can be associated with a family history and most people associate it this problem with genetics. However, a part of psychology that provides an influence on obesity is stress, which can be triggered by many factors. Social position has a strong effect on stress of individuals in certain populations, specifically socioeconomically disadvantaged populations. Research has been conduc ted into uncovering the relationship between social position and obesity, especially focusing on how stress contributes to both factors (Moore and Cunningham 2012). A lower social position has been associated with poor health and a higher rate of mortality; social position being measured by education, income, and occupation (Moore and Cunningham 2012). Said lower social position is related to having limited accessShow MoreRelatedWhy Did You Become Interested From The Bsph Program?1205 Words   |  5 Pageslearn more about the health field through various camps and programs. One of the programs that I attended was at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the focus of the program was to expose first generation college students to the various allied health programs at UNC. Throughout the program professors and admission representatives from various departments gave a short presentation to the attendees, but the presentation from the Gillings School of Global Public Health was the one that resonatedRead MoreObesity : A Healthy Lifestyle919 Words   |  4 Pagesessential in today’s competitive world. According to Center of Disease Control in 2013 it states that 35.7% of Americans are obese. Obesity is a very harmful disease that can be cured from good nutrition and exercise. Obesity is caused from over eating and lack of exercise. Obesity is some cases has many side effects. Obesity can cause diabetes, asthma, and even heart failure. Most of the side effects caused from obesity can be cured through weight loss and better nutrition. Obesity is a growing numberRead MoreA Successful Intervention Initiated By The Government For Obesity1206 Words   |  5 Pages P. (2008). Implementation intentions and shielding goal striving from unwanted thoughts and feelings. 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So much so, for instance, that First Lady Michelle Obama has announced an initiative fighting obesity. She, too, is calling obesity an epidemic and one of the greatest threats to the future health of the United States. Her approach is multifaceted, concentrating on education, availability of healthy foods, and exercise programs for youth so that children become habituated into healthier eating and exercise regimes (Hellmich, 2010). UnfortunatelyRead MoreThe Macrosystem: From Child to Adult Essay1384 Words   |  6 Pagessociety, culture, and ecological system. Mental health and community counselors should keep in mind the complex, reciprocal interactions that characterize personal behavior in situations. Macrosystem: Describes the culture in which individuals live. Cultural contexts include developing and industrialized countries, socioeconomic status, poverty, and ethnicity. There have been a number of theories surveyed that are foundational to the profession of mental health counseling. The foundational areas are theRead MoreAspects Of Development Within The Different Areas Of Life1399 Words   |  6 PagesAspects of development in different areas of life Under the broad umbrella of psychology, there are many different aspects of development such as gender development, moral development, the development of self and social development (Siegler, DeLoach, Eisenberg, Saffran, 2014). However, there are other types of development which includes: physical, cognitive, emotional, and psychosocial development (Siegler et al., 2014). Looking at these different areas of development, one would think that all

Prescriptive Ethics - Social and Environmental Sustainability, Cultura Essay

Essays on Prescriptive Ethics - Social and Environmental Sustainability, Cultural Understanding Essay The paper â€Å"Prescriptive Ethics - Social and Environmental Sustainability, Cultural Understanding" is a motivating version of an essay on ethics. Basically, handling a moral and ethical way of thinking is coping with 'prescriptive ethics', which is based on the interest of how people are supposed to act. In life experience, I understand that ethical encounters can take place at three distinct phases of generality while in each of the three phases; there can be a debate, disagreement, obligation, as well as analysis. According to Cohen (2004), the phases are strongly connected, but ironically they are incredibly highly unlike; therefore, they must not be conflated or confused. From the least common to the most wide-ranging, there are only three phases: normative issues, normative principles, as well as moralizing. Economically, I suppose that a cost-effective assumption is offered for the public wellbeing since growth will fuel demand, and ubiquitously distribute relieve and deve lopment; therefore, no jingoist or an ethical person might go up against it (Pfeffer, 2013, p.36). However, the growth nature, on the contrary, for instance, to aged concepts like nurturing, is that it is immediately adrift and considerably spontaneous in the never-ending demand for every ineffectual thing globally (Freeman, 2005, p.114). I suppose, Adam Smith would be desperate to find the manner in which the inventiveness, as well as our businesses’ energies at the moment, are frequently directed to such inconsequential endings.Personal experienceEssentially, the use of fast advancing domains of hardware and software engineering as well as biotechnology to restructure intellect or life raises social issues. I believe there is a moral responsibility producer side to make sure that the virtual pet or robot does not damage social standards. Furthermore, I would not assume that there is no effect of new-fangled technology on the society; given that, creation of robots leads to substitution of manpower, which economically reduces costs, but socially leads to unemployment within the society. However, in my view, I understand that new job opportunities in the IT industry are generated, given that there has been a logical fear of automation introduction in the industry. In the real sense, automated looms were developed to perform the same task as the weavers: this sent thousands of employees packing immediately after the introduction of the machines. This is apparent in the banking industry, whereby thousands of bank staff lost their jobs after the introduction of automated tellers machines (ATM). Pursuant to the introduction of robots, it was notable that industries with demanding workforce were fast to implement the application of robotic technologies with the aim of improving efficiency, effectiveness, security as well as their financial system. I know robots can operate non-stop, and repairing them is uncomplicated plus they do not need employees amenitie s, but substituting workers with robots is socially unethical even if the perceived robots reduce costs of labor, as well as union influence (Cohen, 2004, p.8). Everyone will concur with me that the substitution of people by computerized systems lead to redundancy within the society, in particular for the minority groups and substandard employees, which in turn, leads to long-standing joblessness.Social and environmental sustainabilityPresently, with environmental setbacks, particularly climate change, which was poised to become dominant political, economic, and social setbacks in our modern world (Sandhu, 2010, p.286). Thus, I expect as well corporate conservationism to gain ever-increasing significance as a key premeditated issue for companies, across the world. Large and more visible companies are expected in the coming years to be compelled to move further than the stage of regulatory compliance. Mackey (2013) cautions that environmental setbacks presently as well as in the futu re cannot be exclusively handled at operational echelon; rather public demands can progressively compel business organizations to move further than regulatory acquiescence as well as toward enforcing a tactical positive approach to such setbacks. Seemingly, businessmen are the most reasonable people, which indicate entity managers or business directors (Haanaes et al., 2013, p.112). I have noted that nearly all of the debate concerning social responsibility is aimed at business organizations, thus, mostly corporate executives are more important when it comes to social and environmental sustainability (Mackey, 2013, p.34).

5 Ways You Can Improve Your CV This Summer Free Essays

Hooray – summer is finally here! And you know what that means: Fun, Festivals, and – best of all – no more exams or essays. However, before you get too carried away with planning your social calendar and packing your sun cream, realise that you have an invaluable opportunity now to develop yourself and your future employment prospects. Here are 5 ways you can productively use the next few months to improve your CV and your chances of landing that dream job when you graduate. We will write a custom essay sample on 5 Ways You Can Improve Your CV This Summer or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1. Get a Job†¦ Lets get the obvious one out of the way first – whatever your profession or industry, when potential employers look at your CV they will be looking at your work experience and not just your academic qualifications. The summer holiday period is a great time to get a part-time job or work placement that can enhance this section of your CV. Even a casual weekend job stacking shelves at your local supermarket will show them you have good customer service and communications skills, can work within a team and what’s more you’ll have someone to turn to for a glowing reference when you start applying for graduate jobs! 2. Go Travel It may seem crazy but yes, employers actually want people with a bit of life experience, and travelling during the holidays could be seen as a positive step towards boosting your employability. Backpacking is a fantastic way to develop your independence and put your organisation skills into practice when navigating foreign transport systems, making hostel bookings and managing your budget. You’ll also become more resourceful and brush up your networking skills when meeting new people at every stop along the way. You could also combine your travels with volunteering or a physical challenge, which will show employers your ability to set and achieve a target. 3. Learn a new skill Alternatively, you could combine your travels with learning a new skill. Foreign languages are highly valued by employers – particularly those spoken in emerging markets, such as Mandarin and Spanish – and having one on your CV could set you apart when you begin applying for jobs. If you don’t fancy that then why not try your hand at something new like learning to play the guitar, or rediscovering your passion for dressmakingThere are hundreds of short term courses you could sign up for over the summer and gain skills that could set you apart from the competition. Employers will be impressed with the level of commitment you can demonstrate to learning something new, because it shows passion. 4. Write a blog Writing an effective blog will prove to a prospective employer that you can write in coherent English, whilst also showcasing your passion for a subject that is personal to you. Employers love to hear what your interests outside of work are. So if you have an undying love of anything from shoes to Winston Churchill, then write it down – it could be useful. 5. Set up a business Have you got a great business idea, but find yourself too busy during term time to pursue it? Setting up a business takes time and effort, but working hard at it for three months over the summer could allow you to lay the groundwork, which you can then build on when you’re back at university. If your business is successful, it could turn in to a full-time job for you when you graduate. But even if it isn’t, launching a business as a student will look impressive on your CV and you’ll develop crucial skills from professional communication and networking, to organisation and leadership. Need more helpTry our CV writing service. How to cite 5 Ways You Can Improve Your CV This Summer, Essay examples

Source Analysis Aboriginal Communities

Question: Describe about the Source Analysis for Aboriginal Communities. Answer: Title: Analysis of Robert Chrismas, The People are the Police: Building Trust with Aboriginal Communities inContemporary Canadian Society, Canadian Public Administration 55, no. 3 (2012), pp. 451-470. In this assignment, all the positive and negative aspects of an article have been evaluated. Purpose of this assignment is to develop a critical approach for evaluating sources and evidence. It also helps to improve the literacy skills. The argument of this article and aim of the author for this article have been discussed in this assignment as well. Summary of the article: From this article, it had been found that policing is an important aspect of service. It can affect the living condition, social justice and quality of life for the Aboriginal communities. It has been found that ultimate policing objective is to have a say to the apprehension of societies with safe living environment and equal admittance to health, happiness and opportunities. From this article it can be found that Aboriginal people in Canada are marginalized by the colonization. They become victims of social injustice. In this article, it has been explored how trust can be regained with the help of community engagement, enhanced communication and empowerment. It has been found that trust building is an important part of communities and policies to move forward together. It has been mentioned in this article that transparency, restorative justice and truth telling can allow police agencies to the values of Aboriginal communities. It also supports empowerment to the citizen and to tra nsmit out public will. Critical analysis: This article named The People are the Police: Building Trust with Aboriginal Communities in Contemporary Canadian Society is gathered from Canadian Public Administration. In this article, the present condition of Aboriginal people in Canada and the impact of policies on these people have been discussed properly. It has been found that, aboriginal people in Canada are now suffering from high crime rates, lower employment, inadequate education, and poor economic condition compare too privileged settlers descendents. The main argument of the author is that it is the responsibility of the police agencies to mitigate all these negative impact on the aboriginal people. They have the responsibility to keep the peace and contribute to the creation of safe community. In order to write this article, the author has taken help from different journals and websites. All the journals are related with the condition of aboriginal people. These journals help the author to understand how conflicts related with the policy making can be solved. From this journals it has been found that truth telling and peace building can help to develop post conflict society. The author took help from CBC News to gather information about Residential Schools for aboriginals. While developing this article, the author has provided enough background information related with Canadian society, policy making and condition of aboriginal in Canada. It had been assumed by the author while developing this assignment is that issues related with aboriginals are too large and complex for any one organization or agency to handle single-handedly. It has been assumed by the author that true empowerment and community engagement can occur if trust exists. It had been mentioned by the author that courage, honesty and appropriate leadership in communities and police agencies can improve the condition of aboriginals in the country. After reviewing the article, it can be stated that, the author had organized it in appropriate manner. In the introduction section of the article, the author had provided a background of Canadian colonization. This article has maintained the principles developed by Sir Robert Peel. It had become idyllic model for policing in the country Canada. There are various heading and subheadings were included in the article. They are such as colonization and the condition of aboriginal communities, legacy of distrust, challenges related with trust building and engagement, truth and reconciliations and embracing restorative justice. Finally the risks and progresses related with transforming police and communities had also been developed in this article. Conclusion: This article is grate piece of work on aboriginal communities and policy making. After reviewing this article it can be mentioned that it is a challenging task for police authority to develop trust within people. The actions of a police officer can both negatively and positively swell through the community. For this reason, they have to focus on developing communication so that trust can be generated. The police and people need to work together to earn each other. Government resources have to be directed in such a way that it can assist the marginalized groups who lack credibility. This article had indicated a case for instant need for trust building and to encourage acknowledgement in the Canadian society. It can be found from the study that engaging marginalized and aboriginal people and the community can help to ease the work Canadian police.

The phenomenon of bipolar affective disorder has b Essay Example For Students

The phenomenon of bipolar affective disorder has b Essay een a mystery sincethe 16th century. History has shown that this affliction can appear inalmost anyone. Even the great painter Vincent Van Gogh is believed tohave had bipolar disorder. It is clear that in our society many peoplelive with bipolar disorder; however, despite the abundance of peoplesuffering from the it, we are still waiting for definite explanationsfor the causes and cure. The one fact of which we are painfully awareis that bipolar disorder severely undermines its victims ability toobtain and maintain social and occupational success. Because bipolardisorder has such debilitating symptoms, it is imperative that we remainvigilant in the quest for explanations of its causes and treatment. Affective disorders are characterized by a smorgasbord of symptomsthat can be broken into manic and depressive episodes. The depressiveepisodes are characterized by intense feelings of sadness and despairthat can become feelings of hopelessness and helplessness. Some of thesymptoms of a d epressive episode include anhedonia, disturbances insleep and appetite, psycomoter retardation, loss of energy, feelings of worthlessness, guilt, difficulty thinking, indecision, and recurrentthoughts of death and suicide (Hollandsworth, Jr. 1990 ). The manicepisodes are characterized by elevated or irritable mood, increasedenergy, decreased need for sleep, poor judgment and insight, and oftenreckless or irresponsible behavior (Hollandsworth, Jr. 1990 ). Bipolaraffective disorder affects approximately one percent of the population(approximately three million people) in the United States. It ispresented by both males and females. Bipolar disorder involves episodesof mania and depression. These episodes may alternate with profounddepressions characterized by a pervasive sadness, almost inability tomove, hopelessness, and disturbances in appetite, sleep, inconcentrations and driving. We will write a custom essay on The phenomenon of bipolar affective disorder has b specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Bipolar disorder is diagnosed if an episode of mania occurs whetherdepression has been diagnosed or not (Goodwin, Guze, 1989, p 11). Mostcommonly, individuals with manic episodes experience a period ofdepression. Symptoms include elated, expansive, or irritable mood,hyperactivity, pressure of speech, flight of ideas, inflated selfesteem, decreased need for sleep, distractibility, and excessiveinvolvement in reckless activities (Hollandsworth, Jr. 1990 ). Rarestsymptoms were periods of loss of all interest and retardation oragitation (Weisman, 1991). As the National Depressive and Manic Depressive Association (MDMDA)has demonstrated, bipolar disorder can create substantial developmentaldelays, marital and family disruptions, occupational setbacks, andfinancial disasters. This devastating disease causes disruptions offamilies, loss of jobs and millions of dollars in cost to society. Manytimes bipolar patients report that the depressions are longer andincrease in frequency as the individual ages. Many times bipolar statesand psychotic states are misdiagnosed as schizophrenia. Speech patternshelp distinguish between the two disorders (Lish, 1994). The onset of Bipolar disorder usually occurs between the ages of 20and 30 years of age, with a second peak in the mid-forties for women. Atypical bipolar patient may experience eight to ten episodes in theirlifetime. However, those who have rapid cycling may experience moreepisodes of mania and depression that succeed each other without aperiod of remission (DSM III-R). The three stages of mania begin with hypomania, in which patientsreport that they are energetic, extroverted and assertive (Hirschfeld,1995). The hypomania state has led observers to feel that bipolarpatients are addicted to their mania. Hypomania progresses into maniaand the transition is marked by loss of judgment (Hirschfeld, 1995). Often, euphoric grandiose characteristics are displayed, and paranoid orirritable characteristics begin to manifest. The third stage of maniais evident when the patient experiences delusions with often paranoidthemes. Speech is generally rapid and hyperactive behavior manifestssometimes associated with violence (Hirschfeld, 1995). When both manic and depressive symptoms occur at the same time itis called a mixed episode. Those afflicted are a special risk becausethere is a combination of hopelessness, agitation, and anxiety thatmakes them feel like they could jump out of their skin(Hirschfeld,1995). Up to 50% of all patients with mania have a mixture of depressedmoods. Patients report feeling dysphoric, depressed, and unhappy; yet,they exhibit the energy associated with mania. Rapid cycling mania isanother presentation of bipolar disorder. Mania may be present withfour or more distinct episodes within a 12 month period. There is nowevidence to suggest that sometimes rapid cycling may be a transientmanifestation of the bipolar disorder. This form of the diseaseexhibits more episodes of mania and depression than bipolar. .uaef73d3cbf224d60511e53566e0ebcf7 , .uaef73d3cbf224d60511e53566e0ebcf7 .postImageUrl , .uaef73d3cbf224d60511e53566e0ebcf7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uaef73d3cbf224d60511e53566e0ebcf7 , .uaef73d3cbf224d60511e53566e0ebcf7:hover , .uaef73d3cbf224d60511e53566e0ebcf7:visited , .uaef73d3cbf224d60511e53566e0ebcf7:active { border:0!important; } .uaef73d3cbf224d60511e53566e0ebcf7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uaef73d3cbf224d60511e53566e0ebcf7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uaef73d3cbf224d60511e53566e0ebcf7:active , .uaef73d3cbf224d60511e53566e0ebcf7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uaef73d3cbf224d60511e53566e0ebcf7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uaef73d3cbf224d60511e53566e0ebcf7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uaef73d3cbf224d60511e53566e0ebcf7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uaef73d3cbf224d60511e53566e0ebcf7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uaef73d3cbf224d60511e53566e0ebcf7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uaef73d3cbf224d60511e53566e0ebcf7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uaef73d3cbf224d60511e53566e0ebcf7 .uaef73d3cbf224d60511e53566e0ebcf7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uaef73d3cbf224d60511e53566e0ebcf7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Petrified Man By Eudora Welty EssayLithium has been the primary treatment of bipolar disorder sinceits introduction in the 1960s. It is main function is to stabilize thecycling characteristic of bipolar disorder. In four controlled studiesby F. K. Goodwin and K. R. Jamison, the overall response rate forbipolar subjects treated with Lithium was 78% (1990). Lithium is alsothe primary drug used for long- term maintenance of bipolar disorder. In a majority of bipolar patients, it lessens the duration, frequency,and severity of the episodes of both mania and depression. Unfortunately, as many as 40% of bipolar patients are eitherunresponsive to lithium or can not tolerate the side effects. Some ofthe side effects include thirst, weight gain, nausea, diarrhea, andedema. Patients who are unresponsive to lithium treatment are oftenthose who experience dysphoric mania, mixed states, or rapid cyclingbipolar disorder. One of the problems associated with lithium is the fact thelong-term lithium treatment has been associated with decreased thyroidfunctioning in patients with bipolar disorder. Preliminary evidencealso suggest that hypothyroidism may actually lead to rapid-cycling(Bauer et al., 1990). Another problem associated with the use oflithium is experienced by pregnant women. Its use during pregnancy hasbeen associated with birth defects, particularly Ebsteins anomaly. Based on current data, the risk of a child with Ebsteins anomaly beingborn to a mother who took lithium during her first trimester ofpregnancy is approximately 1 in 8,000, or 2.5 times that of the generalpopulation (Jacobson et al., 1992). There are other effective treatments for bipolar disorder that areused in cases where the patients cannot tolerate lithium or have beenunresponsive to it in the past.The American Psychiatric Associationsguidelines suggest the next line of treatment to be Anticonvulsantdrugs such as valproate and carbamazepine. These drugs are useful asantimanic agents, especially in those patients with mixed states. Bothof these medications can be used in combination with lithium or incombination with each other. Valproate is especially helpful forpatients who are lithium noncompliant, experience rapid-cycling, or havecomorbid alcohol or drug abuse. Neuroleptics such as haloperidol or chlorpromazine have also beenused to help stabilize manic patients who are highly agitated orpsychotic. Use of these drugs is often necessary because the responseto them are rapid, but there are risks involved in their use. Becauseof the often severe side effects, Benzodiazepines are often used intheir place. Benzodiazepines can achieve the same results asNeuroleptics for most patients in terms of rapid control of agitationand excitement, without the severe side effects. Antidepressants such as the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs) fluovamine and amitriptyline have also been used by somedoctors as treatment for bipolar disorder. A double-blind study by M. Gasperini, F. Gatti, L. Bellini, R.Anniverno, and E. Smeraldi showedthat fluvoxamine and amitriptyline are highly effective treatments forbipolar patients experiencing depressive episodes (1992). This study iscontroversial however, because conflicting research shows that SSRIsand other antidepressants can actually precipitate manic episodes. Mostdoctors can see the usefulness of antidepressants when used inconjunction with mood stabilizing medications such as lithium. In addition to the mentioned medical treatments of bipolardisorder, there are several other options available to bipolar patients,most of which are used in conjunction with medicine. One such treatmentis light therapy. One study compared the response to light therapy ofbipolar patients with that of unipolar patients. Patients were free ofpsychotropic and hypnotic medications for at least one month beforetreatment. Bipolar patients in this study showed an average of 90.3%improvement in their depressive symptoms, with no incidence of mania orhypomania. They all continued to use light therapy, and all showed asustained positive response at a three month follow-up (Hopkins andGelenberg, 1994). Another study involved a four week treatment ofbright morning light treatment for patients with seasonal affectivedisorder and bipolar patients. This study found a statisticallysignificant decrement in depressive symptoms, with the maximumantidepressant effect of light not being reached until week four (Baur,Kurtz, Rubin, and Markus, 1994). Hypomanic symptoms were experienced by36% of bipolar patients in this study. Predominant hypomanic symptomsincluded racing thoughts, deceased sleep and irritability. Surprisingly, one-third of controls also developed symptoms such asthose mentioned above. Regardless of the explanation of the emergenceof hypomanic symptoms in undiagnosed controls, it is evident from thisstudy that light treatment may be associated with the observedsymptoms. Based on the results, careful professional monitoring duringlight treatment is necessary, even for those without a history of majormood disorders. .u733f6033deabf05e434ccd9a11e56213 , .u733f6033deabf05e434ccd9a11e56213 .postImageUrl , .u733f6033deabf05e434ccd9a11e56213 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u733f6033deabf05e434ccd9a11e56213 , .u733f6033deabf05e434ccd9a11e56213:hover , .u733f6033deabf05e434ccd9a11e56213:visited , .u733f6033deabf05e434ccd9a11e56213:active { border:0!important; } .u733f6033deabf05e434ccd9a11e56213 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u733f6033deabf05e434ccd9a11e56213 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u733f6033deabf05e434ccd9a11e56213:active , .u733f6033deabf05e434ccd9a11e56213:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u733f6033deabf05e434ccd9a11e56213 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u733f6033deabf05e434ccd9a11e56213 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u733f6033deabf05e434ccd9a11e56213 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u733f6033deabf05e434ccd9a11e56213 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u733f6033deabf05e434ccd9a11e56213:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u733f6033deabf05e434ccd9a11e56213 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u733f6033deabf05e434ccd9a11e56213 .u733f6033deabf05e434ccd9a11e56213-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u733f6033deabf05e434ccd9a11e56213:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Nutrition vs. sport performance EssayAnother popular treatment for bipolar disorder iselectro-convulsive shock therapy. ECT is the preferred treatment forseverely manic pregnant patients and patients who are homicidal,psychotic, catatonic, medically compromised, or severely suicidal. Inone study, researchers found marked improvement in 78% of patientstreated with ECT, compared to 62% of patients treated only with lithiumand 37% of patients who received neither, ECT or lithium (Black et al.,1987). A final type of therapy that I found is outpatient grouppsychotherapy. According to Dr. John Graves, spokesperson for TheNational Depressive and Manic Depressive Association has c alledattention to the value of support groups, and challenged mental healthprofessionals to take a more serious look at group therapy for thebipolar population. Research shows that group participation may help increase lithiumcompliance, decrease denial regarding the illness, and increaseawareness of both external and internal stress factors leading to manicand depressive episodes. Group therapy for patients with bipolardisorders responds to the need for support and reinforcement ofmedication management, and the need for education and support for theinterpersonal difficulties that arise during the course of the disorder. ReferencesBauer, M.S., Kurtz, J.W., Rubin, L.B., and Marcus, J.G. (1994). Mood and Behavioral effects of four-week light treatment in winter depressivesand controls. Journal of Psychiatric Research. 28, 2: 135-145. Bauer, M.S., Whybrow, P.C. and Winokur, A. (1990). RapidCycling Bipolar Affective Disorder: I. Association with grade Ihypothyroidism. Archives of General Psychiatry. 47: 427-432. Black, D.W., Winokur, G., and Nasrallah, A. (1987). Treatment ofMania: A naturalistic study of electroconvulsive therapy versus lithiumin 438 patients. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 48: 132-139. Gasperini, M., Gatti, F., Bellini, L., Anniverno, R., Smeralsi,E., (1992). Perspectives in clinical psychopharmacology ofamitriptyline and fluvoxamine. Pharmacopsychiatry. 26:186-192. Goodwin, F.K., and Jamison, K.R. (1990). Manic DepressiveIllness. New York: Oxford University Press. Goodwin, Donald W. and Guze, Samuel B. (1989). PsychiatricDiagnosis. Fourth Ed. Oxford University. p.7. Hirschfeld, R.M. (1995). Recent Developments in ClinicalAspects of Bipolar Disorder. The Decade of the Brain. NationalAlliance for the Mentally Ill. Winter. Vol. VI. Issue II. Hollandsworth, James G. (1990). The Physiology of PsychologicalDisorders. Plenem Press. New York and London. P.111. Hopkins, H.S. and Gelenberg, A.J. (1994). Treatment of BipolarDisorder: How Far Have We Come? Psychopharmacology Bulletin. 30(1): 27-38. Jacobson, S.J., Jones, K., Ceolin, L., Kaur, P., Sahn, D.,Donnerfeld, A.E., Rieder, M., Santelli, R., Smythe, J., Patuszuk, A.,Einarson, T., and Koren, G.,(1992). Prospective multicenter study ofpregnancy outcome after lithium exposure during the first trimester. Laricet. 339: 530-533. Lish, J.D., Dime-Meenan, S., Whybrow, P.C., Price, R.A. andHirschfeld, R.M. (1994). The National Depressive and Manic DepressiveAssociation (DMDA) Survey of Bipolar Members. Affective Disorders. 31:pp.281-294. Weisman, M.M., Livingston, B.M., Leaf, P.J., Florio, L.P.,Holzer, C. (1991). Psychiatric Disorders in America. AffectiveDisorders. Free Press.

American History Timeline 1675-1700

American History Timeline 1675-1700 Between 1675 and 1700, the British colonies on the eastern coast of the North American continent to evolve. Plymouth became part of Massachusetts, Pennsylvania changed from being a proprietary colony to a royal one and then back to a proprietary colony, and North Carolina was designated. Here are the key events that occurred between these years.   1675 June 20: King Philips War begins when King Philip (1638–1676, and also known as Metacomet) leads a coalition of his Wampanoag Indians with their allies the Pocumtuc and Narragansett on a raid against the colonial settlement of Swansea. September 9: The New England Confederation declares war on King Philip and each colony is required to provide men for a combined force. September 12: King Philip achieves a decisive victory against the forces of the Massachusetts Bay Colony and their Nipmuc allies at Bloody Brook. 1676 February: The Mohawk launch a surprise assault against Metacomet, a turning point in King Philips War. March: King Philips War continues as Metacoms forces attack Plymouth, Massachusetts, and Providence, Rhode Island. June: Nathaniel Bacon assembles a group of 500 men leading them to Jamestown in what comes to be known as Bacons Rebellion.  Virginia planters agree to support Nathaniel Bacon. June 12: The colonists with the Mohegan Indians defeat King Philips men at Hadley. July: Nathaniel Bacon, the instigator of Bacons Rebellion or the Virginia Rebellion (1674–1676), is declared a traitor and arrested but quickly freed by his men. He is later pardoned after he admits his guilt. July 30: Bacon writes the Declaration of the People of Virginia, criticizing the governors administration of levying unfair taxes, appointing friends to high places, and failing to protect settlers from attack. August 22: King Philips War ends in the English colonies when the Indians surrender and leaders Metacomet and Anawan are killed. Conflict continues in the northern theater (Maine and Acadia) September 19: Bacons forces capture and then burn Jamestown to the ground. October 18: Nathaniel Bacon dies of a fever. The rebel army surrenders when promised amnesty. 1677 January: Virginia Governor Berkeley executes 23 of the rebels from Bacons Rebellion in direct defiance of the crown. He is later replaced by Colonel Jeffreys as the head of Virginia. September 14: Increase Mather publishes The Troubles That Have Happened in New England. 1678 April 12: With the Treaty of Casco, King Philips War is formally brought to an end. Winter: The French (Rene Robert Cavalier, Sieur de la Salle, and Father Louis Hennepin) visit Niagara Falls while exploring Canada. The falls were first reported by a westerner (Samuel de Champlain) in 1604. 1679 The Province of New Hampshire is created out of the Massachusetts Bay Colony by royal degree of British King Charles II. 1680 January: John Cutt takes office as the president of New Hampshire and ending Massachusetts governance. 1681 March 4: William Penn receives a royal charter from Charles II to set up Pennsylvania, to pay off debts owed to Penns father. 1682 April: Frenchman Sieur de la Salle claims the land at the mouth of the Mississippi for France and calls the territory La Louisiane (Louisiana) in honor of his king Louis XIV. May 5: William Penn publishes Frame of Government of Pennsylvania that provides for a precursor of a bicameral government. August 24: The Duke of York awards William Penn a deed to the lands that make up Delaware. 1684 October: Frustrated by the unwillingness of the Massachusetts Bay Colony to revise its charter to weaken the power of the church, Charles II revokes its royal charter. During the Second Anglo-Dutch War, Charles II gives the Province of New Netherland to his brother, the Duke of York. 1685 February: Charles II dies and his brother the Duke of York becomes King James II. March: Increase Mather is named Acting President of Harvard College. 23 April: James II renames New Netherland to New York and makes it a royal province. 22 October: King Louis XIV revokes the Edict of Nantes that gave the Huguenots to practice their religion, and afterward, the number of French Huguenot settlers in America increases. 1686 King James II creates the Dominion of New England, a mega-colony covering all of New England and combining the colonies of Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth Colony, Connecticut Colony, the Province of New Hampshire and the Colony of Rhode Island and Plymouth Plantations- New Jersey and New York would be added in 1688. James names Sir Edmund Andros as governor general. 1687 William Penn publishes The Excellent Privilege of Liberty and Property. 1688 The extremely unpopular Governor of the Dominion of New England, Edmund Andros, places the militia of New England under his direct control. April: Governor Andros plunders the home and village of Jean-Vincent dAbbadie de Saint-Castine (1652–1707), a French military officer and Abenaki chief, considered the start of King Williams War, an outgrowth of Europes Nine Years War between the English and French. April 18: The earliest known antislavery tract Petition Against Slavery is released in the colonies by the Quakers at Germantown, Pennsylvania. November: The Glorious Revolution occurs in which King James II (Catholic) flees to France and is replaced by William and Mary of Orange (Protestant). 1689 February: The English Parliament presents the English Bill of Rights to William and Mary. April 11: William and Mary of Orange are officially named King and Queen of England. April 18: A popular rising of a well-organized mob of provincial militia and citizens forms in the town of Boston and arrest dominion officials in the Boston Revolt. April 18: Governor Andros surrenders to colonial rebels and is put in jail. New England colonies begin re-instituting their own governments after Governor Andros is removed from power. May 24: The Toleration Act of 1688 is passed by Parliament which gives limited Freedom of Religion to all British citizens. December 16: The English Bill of Rights receives the royal assent by William and Mary and goes into law. It limits monarch powers and sets out the right of Parliament, and the rights of individuals. 1690 King Williams War continues in North America when the combined forces of the French and the Indians attack towns in New York, Maine, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts. 1691 William Penn makes Delaware a separate government from Pennsylvania. Maryland is declared a royal province, removing Lord Baltimore from political power. October 7: William III and Mary II establish the Province of Massachusetts Bay, including all Massachusetts Bay Colony, all of Plymouth Colony and part of the Province of New York. 1692 William III suspends William Penns proprietary charter for Pennsylvania, making it a royal province. February: Salem Witchcraft trials begin with the trial and conviction of a slave woman named Tituba: 20 persons will be executed before the trials end. Increase Mather is named President of Harvard. 1693 February 8: William III and Mary II of England sign a charter creating the College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia. The Carolinas win the right to initiate legislation in the British House of Commons. Twenty Cherokee chiefs visit Charles Town in Carolina, with an offer of friendship and help with their troubles with other tribes who had carried off some of their kinsmen. Governor Philip Ludwell agreed to help but said the kidnapped Cherokees were already in Spanish hands. 1694 August 15: Colonists from Connecticut, Massachusetts Bay, New Jersey, and New York sign a peace treaty with the Iroquois to keep them from allying with the French in the future. Pennsylvania is once again named a Proprietary Colony when William Penn gets his charter back. 28 December: After Mary dies, William III takes sole rule over England. 1696 The Navigation Acts of 1696 are passed by Parliament that limits all colonial trade to English-built vessels, among other things. 1697 September 20: The Treaty of Ryswick ends King  Williams War and restores all colonial possessions to pre-war ownership. 1699 July: Pirate Captain Kidd is captured and sent to England eight months later, where he will be executed in 1701. The Wool Act, one of the Acts of Trade and Navigation, is passed by Parliament to protect the British wool industry. It forbids the export of wool from the American colonies. 1700 Massachusetts, who had banned Catholic priests first in 1647, passed another law requiring all Roman Catholic priests to leave the colony within three months or be arrested. Boston is the largest city in the American colonies and the overall population of the colonies numbers around 275,000. Sources and Further Reading Schlesinger, Jr., Arthur M., ed. The Almanac of American History. Greenwich CT: Barnes Nobles Books, 1993.Shi, David E., and George Brown Tindall. America: A Narrative History, Tenth Edition. New York: W. W. Norton, 2016.Turner, Frederic Jackson, and Allan G. Bogue. The Frontier in American History. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, Inc., 2010 (originally published 1920)